I read with interest Ted’s claim at Cerberus that Michael Ignatieff’s large campaign donations “speaks to a real grassroots support” and that it “reflected in the outpouring of grassroots financial support”. It should be noted that Ted, a Toronto lawyer, himself donated $500 to Ignatieff, so he clearly has his money where his mouth is, and vice versa. I was interested in seeing whether Ignatieff’s campaign was truly grassroots or not, so I looked at the donor list carefully. First, let’s start with a defintion of grassroots, from the source-of-all-knowledge, Wikipedia:
GRASSROOTS
“A grassroots political movement is one driven from below by the fundamental constituents of a community. The term implies that the genesis of the described political movement is natural, even spontaneous, and imposes a dichotomy between this and a movement orchestrated from above by traditional power structures.” (Wikipedia)
ELITES
“A relatively small dominant group within a larger society, which enjoys a privileged status which is upheld by individuals of lower social status within the structure of a group. An elite is the result of economic and political forces within a social structure.” (Wikipedia)
(edited to add Elites definition)
To paraphrase, “grassroots” is support from the bottom-up by every-day citizens, as opposed to support from above by a relatively small dominant group that enjoys economic and political power. So, are Michael Ignatieff’s donors from everyday Canadians (from the grassroots)? NO. Here’s my rationale….
PART ONE: SHARE OF DONATIONS THAT ARE GRASSROOTS
There are a couple of different ways to look at the question. The first is to simply look at the distribution of the donations. I would argue, and backed up from my analysis of the donor list, that everyday Canadians (“the grassroots”) are typically donate up to $200. Beyond that and you are starting to get into those from “traditional power structures” (those between $200 and $500 are typically well-connected lawyers and business executives, those above $500 tend to be high income earners). That’s not to say that everyone who donated less than $200 is from the grassroots and all those over $200 aren’t, but 9 times out of 10, that’s the case. It should be said that only about 1/3 of all the early Liberal donations are from the grassroots (i.e. less than $200), which goes to my earlier point that early donations are usually from the elites (grassroots members typically wait until the field is narrowed, if not in actuality, but in likelihood to win, so they feel their money is well spent). So, here are the share of each campaigns donations that were less than $200:
1. DION – 57%
2. DRYDEN – 42%
3. BRISON – 41%
4. KENNEDY – 39%
5. HALL-FINDLAY – 38%
6. IGNATIEFF – 27%
7. BENNETT – 21%
8. RAE – 20%
9. VOLPE – 5%
10. FRY – 0%
By this assessment, it is clear that Dion, Dryden, Brison, Kennedy, and Hall-Findlay’s campaign donations rely more on the “grassroots” than do Ignatieff, Bennett, Rae, Volpe and Fry. That’s not to say that Ignatieff still doesn’t have strong grassroots support, it is just to say that only about 1 in 4 of his donations was from grassroots donors, compared with 40% for Kennedy, and nearly 60% for Dion.
PART TWO: Who’s Who
Looking at the who’s who of Ignatieff’s donors, it is clear that they are not everyday Canadians (i.e. they do not come from the grassroots). The list is dominated by business executives, intellectual elites, lawyers who work on policy issues or others with political connections. I limited this list to those who donated $1,000 or more, but rest assured the $200-$1,000 list looks very much the same. Please note that everything here is public record – donations and web sources; if I have made cases of mistaken identities, please send me an email and I will make corrections.
Alfred Apps (Political Advisor/Lawyer, Fasken Martineau LLP), $5,900
David Peterson (Former Premier of Ontario), $5,400
David P. Smith (Senator, Liberal, Ontario), $5,400
Behzad Khosrowshahi (President & CEO, Drug Royalty), $5,400
Gordon Winston (VP, Drug Royalty), $5,400
Golnar Khosrowshahi – Winston (Wife of Gordon Winston), $5,400
David G. McLean (Chairman & CEO, The McLean Group Real Estate), $5,400
Barbara Palk (President, TD Asset Management Inc.), $5,400
John Hunt (Patent Lawyer, Torys LLC), $5,000
Erik Richer La Flèche (Partner & Commercial Lawyer, Stikeman Elliott LLP), $5,000
Jason Martin (President, Navantis Inc.), $5,000
Michael F.B. Nesbitt (President, Montrose Investment Co. Ltd), $5,000
James S. Palmer (Chancellor Emeritus, University of Calgary Law School), $3,000
J. Robert S. Prichard (President & CEO, Torstar Corporation), $2,600
Ann E. Wilson (Lawyer and Wife of J. Robert S. Prichard), $2,600
Michael J. Yelavich (President, Altech Security Systems), $2,600
James W. Burns (Directors Emeritus, Power Corporation), $2,500
Thomas V. Milroy (Vice-Chairman & Co-President, BMO Nesbitt Burns), $2,500
Sarah Milroy (Wife of Thomas Milroy), $2,500
Brent Belzberg (Co-Chair, Canadian Council for Israel & Jewish Advocacy), $2,500
Lynn Belzberg (wife of Brent Belzberg), $2,500
Matthew V.R. Merchant (Lawyer, Merchant Law Group), $2,500
Brian Wright (Finance Lawyer, Fasken Martineau LLP), $2,100
W. Edmund Clark (President, CEO TD Bank Financial Group), $2,000
Barbara Palmer (Wife of James S. Palmer), $2,000
Pana Merchant (Senator, Liberal, Saskatchewan), $2,000
Evatt F.A. Merchant (Lawyer, Merchant Law Group), $2,000
J.E. Joshua Merchant (Lawyer, Merchant Law Group), $2,000
Sally M. Merchant (Merchant Wife), $2,000
Paul F. Monahan (Business Lawyer, Fasken Martineau LLP), $2,000
Dr. Francesco Bellini (Chair, President, CEO, Neurochem), $1,733.34
Marissa Bellini (wife of Dr. Francesco Bellini), $1,733.34
Roberto Bellini (son of Dr. Francesco Bellini), $1,733.33
Dorothy Davey (Owner, Medical Information Services), $1,650
Michel Fortier (Associate, PowerCET Canada), $1,500
Carolina Gallo (Lawyer, Carolina Gallo, Montreal), $1,500
John van Nostrand (Architect & Urban Planner, architectsAlliance), $1,500
John F. Bankes (Founder, Artemis Management Group), $1,500
Robert B. Munroe (Chair, Ross & McBride LLP), $1,250
Michael J. Bourassa (Mining Lawyer, Fasken Martineau LLP), $1,000
Christopher D. Bredt (Commercial Lawyer, Borden Ladner Gervais LLP), $1,000
David G. Broadhurst (President, Poynton Investments Ltd.), $1,000
Donald J.M. Brown (Lawyer, Toronto), $1,000
Allan Gotlieb (Former Ambassador to U.S.), $1,000
Geoff Regan (MP, Halifax West), $1,000
Pierre Bienvenu (Partner, Ogilvy Renault LLP), $1,000
Viateur Chénard (Real Estate Lawyer, Partner, Stikeman Elliott LLP), $1,000
Thomas M. Davis (Labour Lawyer, Partner, Borden Ladner Gervais LLP), $1,000
Feroz Dean (Realtor, Vancouver), $1,000
Martin K. Denyes (Labour Lawyer, Fasken Martineau LLP), $1,000
Douglas C. Eberlee (Vice-President, Salomon Brothers, Toronto), $1,000
Calvin Goldman (Chair, Competition Group, Blake Cassels & Graydon LLP), $1,000
Robert S. Harrison (Commercial Lawyer, Fasken Martineau LLP), $1,000
Joel Hesje (Commercial Lawyer, McKercher McKercher & Whitmore), $1,000
Richard W. Ivey (Chairman, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research), $1,000
Massood M. Joonratty (Immigration Lawyer, Vancouver), $1,000
Samuel Adam Korbin (President, InstaFund Financial Services), $1,000
Randall Marusyk (Patent Lawyer, MBM Marusyk, Miller & Swain LLP), $1,000
Robert Richardson (Partner, Wave Communications, Toronto), $1,000
Linda D. Robinson (Business Lawyer, Osler Hoskin & Harcourt LLP), $1,000
James Straith (Lawyer, Lakes Straith & Whyte LLP), $1,000
Giacomo Vigna (Human Rights Lawyer, Montreal), $1,000
J. Fraser Mann (IT Lawyer, Mann & Gahtan LLP), $1,000
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